General Organic Chemistry
5.0 Nomenclature of compounds containing halogens and nitro groups
5.0 Nomenclature of compounds containing halogens and nitro groups
The halogens $(F,\ Cl,\ Br,\ I)$ and the nitro group $(-NO_2)$ are always named as prefixes in the same way as a side chain on hydrocarbons. The prefixes are as follow,
| Group | Prefix |
| $F-$ | fluoro |
| $Cl-$ | chloro |
| $Br-$ | bromo |
| $I-$ | iodo |
| $NO_2-$ | nitro |
Examples:
(a). Iodomethane
(b). 2-chloropropane
(c). 2-bromo-2-methylpropane
(d). 3-ethyl-1-fluoropentane
(e). nitroethane
(f). 1-bromo-3-chloropropane
(g). 4-chloro-1-butene
Note: Name of some important compound is given as,
| $F_3C-H$ | fluoroform |
| $Cl_3C-H$ | chloroform |
| $Br_3C-H$ | bromoform |
| $I_3C-H$ | iodoform |
| $CCl_4$ | carbon tetrachloride |
| $CBr_4$ | carbon tetrabromide |
