General Organic Chemistry
7.0 Nomenclature of aromatic compounds
7.1 Halogen and nitro-substituted aromatics
7.2 Carboxylic acids and derivatives
7.3 Phenols and thiophenols
7.4 Aldehydes & Ketones
7.5 Sulfonic acids and sulfonic acid derivatives
7.6 Aromatic amines
7.7 Diazonium ions $\left( {ArN_2^ + } \right)$
7.0 Nomenclature of aromatic compounds
7.2 Carboxylic acids and derivatives
7.3 Phenols and thiophenols
7.4 Aldehydes & Ketones
7.5 Sulfonic acids and sulfonic acid derivatives
7.6 Aromatic amines
7.7 Diazonium ions $\left( {ArN_2^ + } \right)$
(i) General notes
The use of numbers to indicate the position of substituents on aromatic rings is supplement in the case of disubstituted derivatives of benzene by the terms,
ortho- abbreviated 0- indicating 1,2 distribution & 1,6 distribution
meta- abbreviated m- indicating 1,3 distribution & 1,5 distribution
para- abbreviated p- indicating 1,4 distribution
Examples:
| benzene |
| m-iodonitrobenzene |
| o-bromochlorobenzene |
| p-chloronitrobenzene |
(ii). Aromatic hydrocarbons
The following aromatic compounds have the special name and derived group names shown below.
| benzene |
| toluene |
| anisole |
| ethylbenzene |
| naphthalene |
| phenyl group (abbreviated - Ph) |
| tolyl group (o-tolyl shown) |
| anisyl group (o-anisyl shown) |
| benzyl group (abbreviated - Bz) |
| naphthyl group (2-naphthyl group) |
