Semi-conductor Devices and Electronics
3.0 Mass action law
3.0 Mass action law
Under thermal equilibrium, the product of the free negative and positive concentrations is a constant independent of the amount of donor and acceptor impurity doping.
This relationship is known as the mass action law and is given by,
$${n_e}{n_h} = n_i^2$$
where,
$n_e$: Density of electrons
$n_h$: Density of holes
$n_i$: Intrinsic carrier concentration
