Chemistry > Aromatic Compounds > 10.0 Reactions of Alkyl Benzenes
Aromatic Compounds
1.0 The Structure of Benzene
1.1 A Resonance Picture of Benzene
1.2 The Stability of Benzene
1.3 The Resonance Explanation of the Structure of Benzene
1.4 Bond lengths and angles in benzene
1.5 Hückle’s Rule: The $\left( {4n{\text{ }} + {\text{ }}2} \right)\pi $ Electron Rule
2.0 Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Reactions
3.0 Nitration
4.0 Sulphonation
5.0 Halogenation
6.0 Friedel-Crafts Alkylation
7.0 Friedel-Crafts Acylation
8.0 Orientation and Reactivity in Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution
8.1 Donation of electrons into a benzene ring by resonance
8.2 Withdrawal of electrons from a benzene ring by resonance
9.0 Ortho / Para Ratio
9.1 Directive influence of the groups during substitutions in benzene ring
9.2 Mechanism of o and p-directing groups
9.3 Mechanism of o- and p-directing groups not have unshared pair of electrons
9.4 Mechanism of o- and p-directing gps having unshared pair of electron(s)
9.5 Mechanism of m-directing groups
9.6 Competitive orienting effect of two substituents
10.0 Reactions of Alkyl Benzenes
10.1 Halogenation of the side chain
1.2 The Stability of Benzene
1.3 The Resonance Explanation of the Structure of Benzene
1.4 Bond lengths and angles in benzene
1.5 Hückle’s Rule: The $\left( {4n{\text{ }} + {\text{ }}2} \right)\pi $ Electron Rule
8.2 Withdrawal of electrons from a benzene ring by resonance
9.2 Mechanism of o and p-directing groups
9.3 Mechanism of o- and p-directing groups not have unshared pair of electrons
9.4 Mechanism of o- and p-directing gps having unshared pair of electron(s)
9.5 Mechanism of m-directing groups
9.6 Competitive orienting effect of two substituents
The side chain halogenation of alkyl benzenes takes place in the presence of light or high temperatures. Side chain halogenation is mostly carried out by using the reagent N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) in the presence of light.
An alkyl benzene with side chain other than methyl may lead to the formation of more than one products.
Order of stability of free-radials.
$Allyl{\text{ }} > {\text{ }}Benzyl{\text{ }} > {\text{ }}3^\circ {\text{ }} > {\text{ }}2^\circ {\text{ }} > {\text{ }}1^\circ {\text{ }} > {\text{ }}C{H_3} \approx vinyl$ (from bond dissociation energy data).
