Chemistry > Chemistry in Everyday Life > 8.0 Detergents
Chemistry in Everyday Life
1.0 Chemicals In Medicine And Health Care
2.0 Drugs And Medicines
2.1 Analgesics
2.2 Control of microbial diseases
2.3 Antibiotics
2.4 Broad spectrum antibiotics
2.5 Sulpha Drugs
2.6 Antihistamines
2.7 Antiseptics and Disinfectants
3.0 Dyes
4.0 Cosmetics
5.0 New High Performance Materials
6.0 Ceramics
7.0 Chemicals In Food
8.0 Detergents
9.0 Rocket Propellants
10.0 Insect Sex Attractants (Pheromones)
8.2 Non-soapy detergent or synthetic detergents
2.2 Control of microbial diseases
2.3 Antibiotics
2.4 Broad spectrum antibiotics
2.5 Sulpha Drugs
2.6 Antihistamines
2.7 Antiseptics and Disinfectants
This is the sodium salt of a long chair benzene sulphuric acid or the sodium salt of a long chain alkyl hydrogen sulphate, synthetic detergents are prepared by reacting hydrocarbons from petroleum with concentration. Sulphuric acid and converting the product into its sodium salts. e.g
Anionic detergents
Cationic detergents
Non – ionic detergent $({\bf{C}}{{\bf{H}}_{\bf{3}}}{\left( {{\bf{C}}{{\bf{H}}_{\bf{2}}}} \right)_{{\bf{16}}}}{\bf{COO}}{\left( {{\bf{C}}{{\bf{H}}_{\bf{2}}}{\bf{C}}{{\bf{H}}_{\bf{2}}}{\bf{O}}} \right)_{\bf{n}}}.{\bf{C}}{{\bf{H}}_{\bf{2}}}{\bf{C}}{{\bf{H}}_{\bf{2}}}{\bf{OH}}$
Advantages of synthetic detergents over soaps
(a) Synthetic detergents can be used even in hard water whereas some of the soap gets wasted if water is hard.
(b) Synthetic detergents have a strong cleansing action than soaps
