Chemistry > p Block Elements > 10.0 Oxides of nitrogen
p Block Elements
1.0 Group $13$ – The Boron Family
2.0 Boron
3.0 Compounds of boron
4.0 Compounds of Aluminium
5.0 Group $14$ – The Carbon family
6.0 Allotropes of Carbon
7.0 Compounds of Carbon
8.0 Properties of Silicon
9.0 Group $15$-The Nitrogen Family
10.0 Oxides of nitrogen
10.1 Nitrogen Oxide $N_2O$ or Laughing gas (Neutral)
10.2 Nitric Oxide $NO$ (Neutral)
10.3 Nitrogen trioxide $N_2O_3$
10.4 Nitrogen dioxide or Di-nitrogen tetroxide $NO_2$ or $N_2O$
10.5 Nitrogen pentaoxide $N_2O_5$
11.0 Oxyacids of Nitrogen
11.1 Nitric acid $HNO_3$
11.2 Oxidation of Metalloid and Inorganic compounds by Nitric acid
11.3 Action of Metals & Proteins
12.0 Phosphorus
13.0 Oxygen
14.0 Sulphur
10.1 Nitrogen Oxide $N_2O$ or Laughing gas (Neutral)
10.2 Nitric Oxide $NO$ (Neutral)
10.3 Nitrogen trioxide $N_2O_3$
10.4 Nitrogen dioxide or Di-nitrogen tetroxide $NO_2$ or $N_2O$
10.5 Nitrogen pentaoxide $N_2O_5$
11.2 Oxidation of Metalloid and Inorganic compounds by Nitric acid
11.3 Action of Metals & Proteins
Preparation:
It can be prepared by heating ammonium nitrate or a mixture of sodium nitrate and ammonium sulphate.\[N{H_4}N{O_3}\xrightarrow{\Delta }{N_2}O + 2{H_2}O\]
(a) By the action of cold and dilute nitric acid on zinc metal.\[Fe/Zn + 10HN{O_3} \to 4Zn{(N{O_3})_2} + {N_2}O + 5{H_2}O\]
(b) By reducing nitric acid with stannous chloride and hydrochloric acid.\[4SnC{l_2} + 8HCl + 2HN{O_3} \to 4SnC{l_4} + {N_2}O + 5{H_2}O\]
(c) By reducing nitric oxide with sulphur dioxide.\[2NO + S{O_2} + {H_2}O \to {H_2}S{O_4} + {N_2}O\]
(d) By heating the mixture of hydroxylamine hydrochloric and sodium nitrite $(1:1)$\[N{H_2}OH.HCl + NaN{O_2} \to {N_2}O + NaCl + 2{H_2}O\]
Properties:
(a) It is a colorless gas with pleasant odor and sweet smell.
(b) When inhaled in moderately quantity, it produces hysterical laughter, hence names laughing gas. However, when inhaled for long, it produces insensibility and may prove fatal too.
(c) It is neutral to litmus.
It supports combustion to sulphur, phosphorous, magnesium, sodium, candle and a splinter.
\[\begin{gathered} S + 2{N_2}O \to S{O_2} + 2{N_2} \hspace{1em} \\ 4P + 10{N_2}O \to 2{P_2}{O_5} + 10{N_2} \hspace{1em} \\ Mg + {N_2}O \to MgO + {N_2} \hspace{1em} \\ \end{gathered} \]
(e) It is decomposed by red-hot copper.\[Cu + {N_2}O \to CuO + {N_2}\]
(f) A mixture of hydrogen and nitrous oxide (equal volumes) explodes with violence.\[{N_2}O + {H_2} \to {N_2} + {H_2}O\]
(g) \[{N_2}O + NaN{H_2} \to Na{H_3} + N{H_3} + NaOH\]
Uses:
(i) It is used as the propellant gas for whipped ice-cream.
(ii) A mixture of nitrous oxide and oxygen is used as an anesthetic in dental and other minor surgical operations.
