Chemistry > d and f Block Elements > 9.0 Actinoids Series
d and f Block Elements
1.0 General Introduction and Electronic Configuration
2.0 Occurrence and General Characteristics of Transition Elements
3.0 General Trends in properties of First Row Elements
3.1 Ionisation Enthalpy
3.2 Oxidation State
3.3 Atomic and Ionic Radii
3.4 Colour
3.5 Catalytic properties
3.6 Magnetic Properties
3.7 Formation of Interstitial Compounds
3.8 Alloy Formation
4.0 Potassium dichromate
5.0 Potassium permanganate
5.1 Properties of potassium permanganate
5.2 Structure of manganate ion and permanganate ion
5.3 Disproportion of an oxidation state
5.4 Uses
6.0 F-Block Elements - Introduction
7.0 Lanthanoid Series
7.1 Position of Lanthanoid Series
7.2 Electronic configuration of lanthanoids
7.3 Oxidation States
7.4 Chemical Reactivity of Lanthanides
8.0 Lanthanoid Contraction and its consequence
9.0 Actinoids Series
9.1 Position of Actinoids in periodic table
9.2 Electronic Configuration of actinoids
9.3 Oxidation states of actinoids
10.0 Comparison between lanthanoids and actinoids
9.3 Oxidation states of actinoids
3.2 Oxidation State
3.3 Atomic and Ionic Radii
3.4 Colour
3.5 Catalytic properties
3.6 Magnetic Properties
3.7 Formation of Interstitial Compounds
3.8 Alloy Formation
5.2 Structure of manganate ion and permanganate ion
5.3 Disproportion of an oxidation state
5.4 Uses
7.2 Electronic configuration of lanthanoids
7.3 Oxidation States
7.4 Chemical Reactivity of Lanthanides
9.2 Electronic Configuration of actinoids
9.3 Oxidation states of actinoids
- Actinoids show common $+3$ oxidation state along with other variable positive oxidation states due to presence of $5f$, $6d$ and $7s$ subshells.
- As the atomic number increases stability of $+3$ oxidation state also increases.
- $Am$ and $Th$ show $+2$ oxidation states in $Th{I_2}$, $ThS$, $ThB{r_2}$.
- The elements from $Th$ to $Bk$ show $+4$ oxidation state.
- The elements from $Th$ to $Am$ show $+5$ oxidation state.
- The elements from $U$ to $Am$ show $+6$ oxidation state.
- The elements from $Np$ and $Pu$ show $+7$ oxidation state.
- The actinides having $+6$ and higher oxidation states from oxonium ions like $U{O_2}^{ + 2},{\text{ Np}}{{\text{O}}_2}^{ + 2}$.
- Large number of oxidation states are possible in lanthanides due to the very small differences in the energies of $5f$, $6d$ and $7s$.
| Name of the Elements | Symbol | Oxidation States |
| Actinium | Ac | +3 |
| Thorium | Th | +3, +4 |
| Proactinium | Pa | +3, +4, +5 |
| Uranium | U | +3, +4, +5, +6 |
| Neptunium | Np | +3, +4, +5, +6, +7 |
| Plutonium | Pu | +3, +4, +5, +6, +7 |
| Americium | Am | +2, +3, +4, +5, +6 |
| Curium | Cm | +3, +4 |
| Berkelium | Bk | +3, +4 |
| Californium | Cf | +2, +3 |
| Einstenium | Es | +2, +3 |
| Fermium | Fm | +2, +3 |
| Mendelivium | Md | +2, +3 |
| Nobelium | No | +2, +3 |
| Lawrencium | Lr | +3 |
