3.9 Test for Nitro Group

1.1 Detection of carbon and Hydrogen
1.2 Detection of Nitrogen, Halogens and Sulphurl
1.3 Detection of Nitrogen
1.4 Soda lime test for nitrogen
1.5 Detection of Halogens
1.6 Layer test for bromine and iodine
1.7 Detection of Sulphur
1.8 Test of halogen present in the ionic form
1.9 Detection of sulphur present in the side chains
1.10 Detection of Oxygen

2.1 Compounds soluble in both water and ether
2.2 Compounds soluble in water but insoluble in ether
2.3 Compounds insoluble in water, but soluble in dilute sodium hydroxide
2.4 Compounds insoluble in water, but soluble in dilute hydrochloric acid
2.5 Water-insoluble hydrocarbons and oxygen compounds that do not contain N or S and are soluble in cold concentrated sulphuric acid
2.6 Compounds, not containing N or S, insoluble in concentrated sulphuric acid
2.7 Compounds that contain $N$ or $S$ which are not in groups 1-4

3.1 Test for Alcoholic Hydroxyl Group
3.2 Test Phenolic Hydroxyl Group
3.3 Test of Aldehyde and Ketonic Groups
3.4 Test for Aldehydic Group
3.5 Test for Ketonic Group
3.6 Tests for Carboxylic Group
3.7 Test for Primary Amine Group
3.8 Test for Secondary Amino Group
3.9 Test for Nitro Group

1. Dye Test: To a little or organic compound add 1 mL of concentrated $HCl$ and 3-4 small pieces of granulated tin. Heat the mixture for 5 minutes in a boiling water bath. Filter the solution and cool the filtrate in ice-cold water. Add 1-2 mL of $NaN{O_2}$ solution followed by 2 mL Of alkaline $\beta - $naphthol solution. The appearance of red or orange coloured dye indicates the presence of $ - N{O_2}$ group.

2. Mulliken and Baker’s Test: Dissolve a little of organic compound in about 1 mL alcohol. Add about 1 mL of $N{H_4}Cl$ solution and a pinch of Zn dust. Warm the mixture and filter directly in 2 mL of Tollens reagent. Appearance of grey or black precipitates indicates the presence of $ - N{O_2}$ group.